Railway and railway-car.



.814 45. PATBNTBD Mms 190e. No 2 P. K. STERN.

RMLWAY AND RAILWAY GAR.

APLIQATXOH FILED APB..8, 1905.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 1,

No. 814,245. PATENTE) E, 5,

'P'. STERN.

RAILW EE EALWY CAR,

PPLmATIoN FILED APB. a, 1905.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 2 3H A ZIJ' ZM Ef ZM a; j af @R/wfg@ 4 di, l x24' hljgwywn No. 814,245 Y PATENTBD MAR. 6. 199s.

A P. Lsffsam Bumm Am) RMLWAYCAR.

APELIQATIH FILED APB.. 8s 1985.

PATENTED MAR. 6, 1995.

Pi K, s'gSRN. RMLWAY AND BALWAY GAR.

APPLIATIF FILED APRE, 1905, 5 SEBSTS SHEET 5i II'IED STATES PHILIP n. STERN, or New YORK, Y.

Specification of Letters Patent.

'RAILWAY AND RAiLWAY-CAR.

:scented maken e, isos.

iptiimon niet prix 3,1905. sans sa. 254,442.

To all whom] it may concern,l

Be it known that I, PHILIP K. STERN, a citizen of the United States, residing at New York, in the county ofNew York and State of New York, have invented certain new and use impro 'ements in Railways and Railway-A ars, of 'hch the following is a specifi cation, auch aswill enable .those skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the saine.

My invention in railways relates to new and useful improvements in cars and the trackv therefor, whereby transportation of the former may beduplexed therei. It also asreference to means for distribut power to the motive-power ap status of t e cars Y along the route or line oi travel; and the ohingoia different details im 'of ando ject of my invention is to provide a. more sim le, more positive, and more reliable means ihr the unobstructed transportation and traversing of cars while in transit in the same or opposite directions in a common track or line of travel.

The chief features characteristic of my in vention whereby I am enabled to duplex the transportationoiars on a single line ot rail- Way lies in the novelconstruction "of mymo- "bile over-turnout tracks and the switching provisions at their extremities and the manner in which they establish an unbroken connection with the main line or track over which they are adapted tobe conveyed and the track and cartruck construction mutually coacting, as will be readily understood by the vaccompanying and specilication relating thereto.l

Other minor features will a pear in study- (l) their `correlaV tions with tire car-truck and track system.

I attain these objects by the construction ration of the devices, as shown and describ in the accompanying drawings and specification relating thereto,i and by the various novel `featfures referred tok in the claims cncludng.- Q

With brief referenceto the drawings, Fg ure 1 is a side elevational view .of the running-gear and over-turnoutsof two cars in conjugation and a fragmentary sideelevational detailed -vi'ew ofV one side ofthe track construction therefor in. accordance with my invention. Fig. f2 is an' intermediate cross-sectional elevational 'view' of 4'the runninggear of a Ycar and suspension csr-body and afragineitaryend-elevational view of asuperimposed car,-,axle,`-and YWheels and suspension car-body, illustrating the clear- .ances of the two oarsjn traversing. l ,Fig 3 is an' end Vvelevational vieili of the runninggear `and over-turnoiits and one ol the suspension car-bodies, together with a section of the track, in; accordance with my invention. Fig. 4 is a to plan view of the same. Fig. 5 is an enlarged) one of my over-turnout joints and its su port and a fragmentary detailed view of t 1e connecting-track. Fig. 6 is an end eleva-V tional view of the same, illustrstingthe roe I* of tlievaforesaid joint in its Ysupported Vp ition on the edestal' therefor and alban oblique and e evational sectional,i views' .fthe arch'rail terminals and the manner of Vcuring the same'to said pedestal.` Fig. Z is an enlarged side elevational detailed view ol' the terminal of the over-switeliing rails of the over-turnout in conjugation with correspondside elevational detailed view of` ing members o'f an o posing car, illustrating the manner by whic i the over-turnout terminal oiian over-riding car is piloted from grade by the opposing terminal of trie under or subtending car or, conversely, from theA over-SW1' tch to grade depending upon whether one of the cars in conjugation is ascending or descending, Fig. 8 is a top lan view ofthe same,`illustrating more clear y my improved switching provision `and a fragmentary de-v tail ofthe jointed tie connection. Fig. 9 is is a sectional end elevational detailed view of certain parts involved in the switching extremity of the over-turnout construction, taken on the line 9 9 of Fig. 7, and throu vh s pilotwwheel and journal-box and the pi otyoke and the butlerspring pocket therein 'Y and a cross-sectional view of the pilot-Wheel rail, the pilot-wheel journal being taken in side elevation in accordance with my invention. Fig. 10- is an end elevational view Vof the same, illustrating the downwardlyslopingV grooved channels and the pilotswitch illustrated in plan in Fig. S. Fi s. 1l and 12 are diagrammstical views of t e :opposing rail-terminals of my improved over turnoutgtracks, illustrating the different positions of the coasting parts during the piloting operation: as referred to in Fig. 7. 13 is a sideelevational enlarged detailed view of asuspension carfbody in accordance' Fig. 14 is a side elevs- Y tional and diagrammatic vicwof the over with my invention.

switching means lfor communicating the elec-- trical energy to over-riding vehicles depicted in the end elevational view of 3i Fig.

is an'end elevational view ei a doubletreaded trolley-wheel in position on a section of the insulated electrical third-rail or channel.

In the several views similar characters of reference indicate identical parts throughout, whereiny a is the track or line of travel in which the ears of the system of my improved railway are ada ted to be transported in duplex relation. he track a comprises a double railway consistingy of two different gages and grades, one arelativel broader ga e, consistmg of a pair of paralle and `ion tu inally-extending rails a and a, secure laterally and supported from the road-bed 1 by a suitable tie-and-foundation construction 2 3 4 and 5 6 7 in such manner as to elevate said rails a and c2 above the road-bed in the establishment of a grade, and a parallelly-disposed lower or subgrade railway consisting of similar or preferably li hter rails a andl a, secured to and carrie by the ties 4 and 7, respectively, as illustrated, so as to constitute a narrower gage than that ofthe former, the

, construction of the track bein such that one side thereof consists of a dou le line of rails situated at different grades carried by the extremities of the ties 2 and 4, respectively, and an oppositely-situated pair of rails az and a,

. carried bythe opposing terminals of' similarlydis osed ties 5 and 7, vthe construction bein suc as to form a central pit or ditch between the two sets of rails aforesaid, as clearly illustrated in the cross-sectional view ofthe roadway in Fig.- 3. I shall throughout the specification occasionally refer to the first of these tracks or track e as that of a duplex track br as a ,common track or main track, and the second, or that involving the rails a and a, as the "car-track or truck-track and the ade thereof as grade, and that of the thir involving the rails ai and a, as the pilot-track and the grade thereof as the subgrade7 and the rails of the respective tracks by corresponding terms.

Pla 'ing in the duplex track a and upon the rails disposed therein, as aforesaid, are my' improved over-turnout tracks and switches carried by their respective ears or trucks b and b'.: In Figs. l and 2 l have illustrated 'but two of these cars; but it is obvious that as vthat commonly employed in structural-iron work and the like-'to wit, the longitudinal side trusses b and b, the lateral horizontal X- brfces 6* -and b5 for each of the trucks, the

yokes or wheel-pedestals b and (17, secured to theopposite cx tremiti es of each of said trusses b and b, and the terminal cross-ties b and b, connecting the pair of trusses and' la" und their terminal pedestals aforesaid, as illustrated, and the wheels und axles and journalboxes therefor. The wheels, as well as the rails upon which the) are adapted to play, as will be observed, are likewise duplexed, having their gages corresponding with the trucktrack or the treads of the rails a a and the over-turnout trackand switches therefor a5 a a a &c., as aforesaid. i A air of axles b" and il for each of the trucks and b', &c.,.are

rovided with the usual rectangular 'ournaloxes, of that class known as the oeomotive ty e, as blz b", for each axle. These, as are il ustrated, are mounted between the wheels upon the bearing or journal extremities of the axles and are adapted to play verticallyin their respective yokesor pedestals in the well-known manner familiar to engineers and ,those who are skilled in the art to which myinvention ap erta ins.

Firmly presse( on or otherwise secured to the terminals ofen axle, as b, at their opposite bearing or journal extremities are the running-wheels b and bl5 and b' and b", respectively, with their flanges at the corresponding terminals of the axle opposing, as illustrated in detail in Fig. il.l These are ol the usual raiiroad type and require no further descri ition. Sullice to say, however, that a pair oi axles b and b" for each truck b and b' of my improved duplex railroad are. provided with four wheels per axle in lieu of the usual two wheels in vogue andin railroad practice,v

with the exec tion, however, of the doubletreaded whee s employed on cable-railroads or wheels of this type applirii to trug-ks of mountain-railroad cars. 'lhe wheels b und bf b and b", thus mounted upon the axle if, constitute a double wheel-gage, oml of which being measured bythe distance taken between the treads of the wheels Irland l, the other IIO and the narrower gage beingr measured hy the treads of the wheels b and b", which correspond to the over-tiirnout-track gage, thisgage heilig measured by thev dista nee separating the aforesaid over-turnout tracks laterally, which, as will he observed in Fig. 3, is

Ils

narrower than that of thegageof the pilottrack. i l

Referring hriely to one of my im )roved over-turnout tracks, it. will he seen hy the drawings that the same is constructed in the manner ol' an arch carried hv a car-truck, as b, and spans the some longitudinally and isearried by independent trucks and at its extremities ,by the pilot-wheel rails. The central span oriarch, as ai a", is carried whollyr hv the truck aforesaid and is supported by vertical and radial columns rising from the aforesaid trusses of the truck-freine in the mannerfollowing. Upon the side trusses, as b' b",

turning of curves. It will be observed hy the dra wings that the continuity of the over-turnout track s 'si em is preserved notwithstanding the jointedeonnections between the pilot-rails and the arch andthe skids and the arch aforesaid. I providethis continuity or unbroken connection between the rail-sections by fixing the axis of rotation of the rocker at a oint` are each provided with a pilot-truck eonsist- A ing -oi' a pair of plural-needed pilot-wheels, as d, secured to the opposite extremities of a pilot-wheel axle d4, a journal-bearing box d5, and a" oke or wheel-pedestal d for each of the pi cut-wheels and' axle therefor. These wheel-yokes or pedestals fl are, as will be observed, four in number, two of which Iare carried by the terminals of the pilot-rails e a. and the other two by the terminals of the skid-rails aai' These. are secured to their respective rail-terminals u'pon the rneiples illustrated in Fig. 7. The yoke dlla) receive the ta )le or foot of. 'the rahas illustrated in cross-section in FiY 7, and is provided with an anglebar or {isi-plated. The railbeing inserted in the east extension d* of the' yoke d in the position illustrated in Fig. 7, the angle-plate da is next applied and the several parts are connected in the well-known manner of makin bolted joints in track construction. To re ieve the bearings of the pilot-wheel trucks of undue strain and harn meting due to the consequent collision o' the car-trucks in their over-switching o eration, I provide the 'ournal-hoxes d5 wit-1 bu'ersprings d". T ese are retained in a vertical position by the spring-pockets d" in the yoke d.-

As it is customary in singletruck street railway car-trucks to rovide for the inequalities of the road and t e rounding of curves to permit of a limited movement of the wheels with respect tothe yolres, I have. provided the annular space d within the yokes rl of a' somewhat greater diameter than'the pilotmovement.

wheel d3, so as to permit of an up-and-down movement 'of theyoke and at the same time a limited vertical and horizontal oscillating I shall occasionally refer to a pair of pilot-wheels d, mounted 'upon their axle d* and their concomitant already described, as that of a multiple-gage truck or switching-truck.'

as an in- 'A teg'ral cast-angLe-bar-snpporting plate d? tQ The plural-treaded pilot-wheel d3 I prefer to construct integrally of aV low-grade steel or iron casti11g,asis customary in railroad praetice. These com rise the pluralit of treads cl", d, d, and dis. The pilot-w eel di has its largest tread diameter measured across the tread d" and d, the former of which is ada ted to run on the pilot-wheel rail c 0r on tlieopposite extremity of the axled. The similarly-disposed pilot-wheel, as da, has its corresponding tread, as fl", running on the *lot-rail ai, as illustrated in F ig. 3. It will lie observed h this illustration the position of the pilotw reels with respect to the axle upon which they are mounted are such that the smaller diameters d d, or as I shall fre- L fluently refer to them hereinafter as that of "hulls," face or op ose one another. while the treads of the argcr diameter d" are turned in an 'outward direction with respect to each other.

At the terminal extremities of a vpair of pilot- 'okes I provide switches, as e. These are s a 'ted to swing vertically. in henri e in a bi urcnted ear el, for-ined in the pi otyoke d". The said switch e is adapted to swing u wardly in the direction indicated by the bro en lines in Fig. 7, hut is restricted from falling below the position illustrated in the several views of thf.l same by the hacksto orjam e.

it the instance of clearncss in describing the operation oi my improved over-switching systernhy the overturnout track already described I will referto that extremitv of a car or truck carrying the pilot rails Yandi switches e, as the front end of the car, and the opposite extremity thereof, or that carrying the skid-rails, nsv the 1-ear" of the cnr. d

In Figs. 7 and 8 I have indicated the terminals of two of mj.' over-turnout tracks inY conju ation. In these views let it be as suine that the one in which the pilot rails and switches e are illustrated is movimT forwardly with its car or truck moving in tlie direction indicated hv the arrow f", und the other, or the one of which the skid is illustrated, is hacking up and moving in the. direction oi the arrow ai, in which instance the two cars or trucks will he moving in n direction toward each other, one of which, however, will be ruiming forwardlv and the other one will he' running backwnrdly, resulting in a collision bet'aveen the oilot-switch e and the pilot-wheels als of the skids. At the instant of conjugation with said wheels seid switch f will enter under the huh of, the wheels d of the backwardly-moving car, and since, as before stated, the diameter of'the tread portions d of the pilot-wheel d3 is less than tlm t of d, `which supports the shidrnils on the pilot-wheel rails a a, the pilot-truck will ie first switched u the grade of the pilotswitches e hy the rubs aforesaid, carrying with it the skid of the rearwardly-moving ier' TIO

io the table or foot of t i tals, I provi 45 ties 'secured framework are mounted and secured the radial columns' b" b, which are inwardly inclined toward an oppositely-situated and similarly-supported h l ,qlc-bar or fish plnte, as c, w1th bolts7 as is i customary in railway-truck constructlon.

pair of columns b*o b?, the upper and lower 5 extremities of which are spread, so 4as to form, respectively, pedestals and caps. The arch a a, of the over-turnout track is secured to its respective aforesaid columns b, b", b", and b" by rivetin or bolting the same to y It might bowel] to `state here that the rails of the over-turnout track system consist of guard-rails of that class employed in street- `x 5 car lines, and articularly located at curves,

-the for'm of w ch will be clear by the fragmenta'ry and sectional elevational view m Fi 64. The purpose of the said ard-rails W'i be ferred to later in describlng the operation of the over-switching incident depicted' inFig. 1. The terminals of the arch of a of the over-turnout track are secured to and carried by 4the'rocker-pedestals c,-c, c, and' c,'wln'ch I prefer to construct of steel castings. These in tum are supported by the upper extremities of the vertically-disposed parallel columns, as c* .and c, arranged in pairs, and the lower extremities of the said arallel columns are supported by the truckme tbrouh the transverse connecting-tie system, 'as b b, &c. The method of secur-V ,ing these columns to Athe truck-frame and pedestals will be understood by the drawings and require no further description. Suffice to 35 4 say-that the entire-structural work through- I, `o'utis secured in a mannenwell known to "'.ffstructural-iron workersnamely, by either *rivets onbolts, or

both. To take up the thrust of the arch as a' of my improved over- `-`turnout tracks and at the same time support the inner pro'ecting extensions of the pedese oblique columns, as c", which er extremities secured to their estalsand their lower extremito and carried bye-.the trussaforesaid of the truck".l The remaining portions of one of my improved l have their up .respective p A over-tumout tracks involving the rails a" and a I shall occasionally refer to as the pilotrails, and the remauiin portions a and a of the over-turnout trac will be frequently referred to as the skid o; kid-rails.

l The upper terminals of' ne lot-rails a7 and al swing in the manner o a universal ljoint upon its supporting-pedestal cfc, so as to have both a vertical and horizontal rotary movement, the latter movement being comparatively limited, while th former 1s considerably less' `restrlctedo el'ebt these movements ofthe pilot-rails, I provide at the upper .extremity t .ereof a swiyellate and king-pin connection c1 and c, as ilustrated more clearyin. Figs. 5 and 6. The member c of the aforesaid connection consists, prefer- 65 ably, of` a cast angle-bar and foot-plate ev rail, as indicated at l b3', asvwill be clear by an inspection of Fig. 2. i

off thesuperstructure comprxsin formed in a manner to snugly fit the rails hetwcen the guarda ali'd the table thereof and is clamped with the rails by means of an an- The aforesaid member c, together with the terminal of the pilot-rail and fish-plate c1", securedtheret i, is carried and swung;` in bearings c c" by the pedestal c upon a cradle or rocker d, said rocker having a segmentallyformed shoe d. To permit of the laforesaid l horizontal movement of the pilot-rail (as described in different positions) on the rocker d, I provide the member c" with a lower bearingsurface, likewise that portion of the rocker in contact therewith, to permit of a swivelingr action between' the mem-ber c7 and the upper surface of the shoe d of the 'rocker d arid couple the member c7 and rocker d by means of the king-pin c. I

I t will be understood by those who are skilled in the art to which my' invention appertains that the pilot-rails as al. c2c, and a', will be permitted to haves` limited lateral movement uprln'ntheir respective rockers through their respective swivel-plate and king-pin connect nsafoiesaid, the limitation of winch Inoveme--iils due to the member c1 of the pilot-raii'agamst the a jacent vertical] -extending portion of the rocker, as wi l be clearly indicated in the enlarged detailed views, Figs. 5 and 6. It will also be note that the two vertical columns c and c Wil have imposed upon them the major part of any load which is thrust upon the shoes d of the rockers d as a car is mounting the pilotrails thereof.

In order to effectively provide for the transfer of any load that might be imposed u .on the pilot-rail a' 'and in turn upon the' rocier d to the supporting-columns cand das aforesaid, I fit thQ,` lower segmental bearing-surface c" ofthe'pede's'tal c to the shoe d of the -rocker d, s'o that thesetwo members will effeet a bearing-contact throughout the ran e of lthe swinging motion-of the rocker d.

1 I have shown these pedestal and rocker connections ca theupper extremities of the 'ilots and sids of an over-riding car at the ifi'erent angles which the said-part`s assume as a car is passin over the over-turnout track of a. subten( ing-vehicle. It will be clear by this illustration that a considerable range of movement Vwith respect to the arch, as a of the over-ridi car will be necessary in order' to maintain t e terminals of these members in their properpositions-and as` shown in -the figure. The limited lateral movementof-these members permits ofthe required amount offilexibil'ity in the length the overtumoutf; track system aforesai to adjust itself to thgylateral inequalities of the track over which the same is adapted to be con-- veyed and permits within certain limits the grade of the frog the treads dla o1'A thepilot- Y which engages the whecbtread d of the down the grade of the frog e. until it is dei form of a wave vor undulation.

.to a point e on the same whjael-tread until it the lar (1r-diameter tread d of the pilot- )vheel .3. As will be observed in Fig. 8, the frog e5 in the same straight line with the guard clof the rail a and forms aeontinuous connect-lon therewith. After the ascending pilot-truck has mounted the summit of the wheels da will trac-l( on the guards c of the rail a?, and said truck will pass the arch of the over-turnout track, as indicated in Fi .1, and continue on its journey, descending t e skid until it arrives at a position indicated-in Fig. l2 at a point e". Here it meetsV a downwardly-sloping frog e' and descends the same meets the second downwardly-sloping frog g2' same wheel d and continues its journey osited on the,pilot-wheel rail a?, resumin its original position on the lot-wheelV rai prior to conjugation. In t e -meanwhile,

owever, the over-ridin truck will. be switched from grade to tie pilot-rails ofthe over-turnout track under consideration by a change of treads and ages. This is effected hy the terminals of t e pilot-rails c and ed"V entering under'the treads of the narrowergage running-wheels b and-l", respectively, while the truck b is still on grade, whereupon the maniementV of the cars or trucks baiid b' being continued in o posing directions and toward each other w cause the truck L to ascend the pilot-rails a and al upon its narrow-gagerunnin f-wheels b and b" in a manner so as to e tab ish an unbroken gradient o rise from gra; e over. the supgrgrade and bac again to grade, substantially as and in the It will-lle ob; served in the illustration, Fig, 1, that the, truck b', together with its skid of the overrurnout. track system, has been switched in this manner-from grade and the, truck-track u' if to the supergrade or overrturnmlt trac of the truck or car b, and lin the position indi# ated lctitl be assumed that the car l1', mov ing in the direction of the indicating-arrow yl.' is running hackwurdly and the trucic lis running in a forwarddirection, as indicated hv the arrow y. The over-turnout track l; will have piloted or switched the truck b ontoits over-turnout. track vand the rear runningwhecls ofthe. truck b' will have ascended the grade of the subtending over-turnout and have reached the point in the over-turnout track of the truck b where the narrow-gage. running-wheels of the truck b' will he ou the terminalsof the arch-railsa" anda". 'llufront running-wheels bythis time will just have been transferred from grade to super-grade on the pilot-rails Il." and a by a changiof l gages-that is, the narrower wheelgages b and b of Athe truck b' will take the gage of the pilot-wheeltnacks a and am; and thus effect un unbroken passage of the truck 5 from grade to supergrade, as aforesaid.

lt will bc clear from the aforesaid description of 1n y improved over-turnout-track system of switching that the cars and track are of special construction and are so constructed as'to carry outy a system of duplex transportation in a sin (le path or line of travel into execution. The loop or over-turnout track aforesaid, which has Aeither of its extremities terminating at the m ain track'si'spans the cars which carry the same with-them in their transit over the route in a manner so as to shunt the remaining cars which are playing to and fro in the rou te or line of travel about the cars and back on the main track, and although I have shown and described a spcial track and truck construction wherein a luralit of tracks having their treads and t e trea of the truck corresponding are employed for the purpose of carr ing out m invention I do not desire to be imited in t `svparticular respoot to the special 1construct-ion of either the tracks, cars, or thel-ver-turnout track car- -ried thereby, or the system of shunting around the cars, as many minor changes may be made in the details of construction whereby the cars may he shuuted hy eachother on a single track or line of travel witho'it depart- -ing from the spirit of my invention or sacri- .thcir support by the road-be l weight of't cmg its advantages. rAn essential feature,

however, in carrying my invention into praci oo ticewill befound in the novel-manner in which I provide the Vterminals of the Yovel'-, switchin Y means with a support from the road-bev so that as the same enters under the corresponding tread of the cartruck at :o5

support which is received bv virtue of and noi through the pilot-truck and. `ilolfrails and it will also lie-observed by the positiony of the cars in Figc 1 that the length of the 'wheel-hase or oar-iA trucksjs sul licint .to extend for -a distance on 1'1 5 the pilota-aile from the truck-'track to the supportincolumns, as c, and therefore the e car b and its over-turnout tracks will at no time be wholly imposed upon 'the piloti-railsa and a "L In order, however, to sup- I so port-the span of the pilot or skid rails aforesaid hetwccr'htheir res ective pedestal and wlieeletruck bearinvs, provide a truss f for each of the pilot. and skid rails. As thetruck b' urthorasceuds the over-turnout track of H5 the truck 1;,i1s. silobt'ruck carried hy its pilotruils a? n.1" will lm haeking'up and switched b the pilot-truck of the pilot-rails of the truc b over the aforesaid superstructure or overturnout track in u similar manncrtothat al- 13o ready described and illustrated in Figs. 7, 8, and 11, and after the said pilot-truck has traversed the over-turnout traclc of the tr'uck b aforesaid and has reached the terminal truck of car b it will be de osited on the pilot-wheel rails vin a manner i c ictcd in Fig. 12 and as alread described. n the meanwhile, however, t 1e lot-switch `vill be swung upon its bearin e by contacting with the up er aurio face o the skid-yokes of the skid-rai s a a",

as illustrated in broken lines in F" 7, as previously referred to. This switc ing movement of the switch e enables an unbroken transfer of the pilot-truck aforesaid from the 'l5 sujwrstructure of the car b and onto the pilotwheel rails without concussion or jarring which would otherwise remilt if the pilotswitch e were ri id, since in this instance the l pilot-truck of tle over-riding car would be zo dro pcd for some height after the terminal of t ie pilot-switch e hadleft the upper surface ol' the subtending skid. B providing the jointe', however, for the pilot-switch e the gravitation of the pilot-truckand thel 2 5 rails and their concomitantel carried thereb will break continuity of the projecting terminal at the joint e of the said lot-truck to al- .low the switching revision i lustrated in Fig.

12 ,as previously escribed.

3o lt is obviousthat in lieu of the carslor trucks moving in opposite directions as already stated, they ma be runninglin the same direction and at ifferent velocities, to

Wit: the truck b'l may be moving in the same direction as'the truck b`thit is, running backwardl-y, but b moving at a considerable higher velocity--in which instance it is obvious that the same switching of the car or truck b' over the over-turnout track of the 4o car or truck b will be effected in ai similar inanner to that already described. that the sa'me over-switching already described in my improved duplex railwayl system would be cllectcd il one ofthe cars, as b,

carrving the over-turnout track should be heldbrakcd at a' station or at an y point along 'the track u. lt is also obvious that any su itable form of motivo-power apparatus which will rcvolvc the running-wheels and axles b 5o and b", as aforesaid, having sullicient horsepower capacity will sullcc to carry thc cars with their over-turnout over the route or track a in the manner aforcsa'id, or thc said ,cars may hc operated by any of the other well-known ieaiis of communicating motorpower intvogrlc at, the present time. ln thc case ilhih'ated l hawl indicated the controllingr means. to wit: thc usual -clcctrical controllcr g and brake-stall' i, ccntrally located 6o iu the car-.trucksI in Fig. l,-aml have illustrated in Fig. 3 a cross-suction ol' an clcctrical third-rail tracki, located cont rally within lhc gage ol thc pilot-wheel trackv o" Hind a corresponding ovcr-turnout clccl rical track for o5 continuing the third-raii systcm ol' distribu- It is obvious tion over the superstructure of the overswitching system.

In Figs. 3, 14, and 15 l have illustrated a system of electrical distribution for overswitching the electrical energy l rom the main track or electrical third rail or channel 'i over the subtcnding cars. This consists of a span or arch and lateral extensions j j". These lateral extensions are carried by the pilots and skids on insulators j upon the cross-ties m, and the arch-truck j is carried by similar insulators j upon the X-hraces m ol' the central span or arch comprisingr the rails -b2 and b3 of the over-turnout-tracksystem. At the terminals of said laterally-cxtending electrical ovi--i-switching means j'! l also provide trolley-wheels j, onc for ear-h extremity of the said lateral extensions j j' These trolley-wheels are carried by a system of expanding and contracting levers to permit of free- 85 doinof up and down movement during the over-switching operation. These ,trolleywheels, together with lhc said system of contractin" and expanding levers jl, are carried by platriorms'j, which in turn are carried by the car-tics m. In the position illustrated iny Fig. 14 l huvc indicated a trolley-wheel carried by the car b' and have her(- depicted the terminal ol' thc electrical switch extremity j" of thc car li' inconjngation with theelectrical over-switching member j: of the car b. Atthc instant of conjugation, as represented in Fig. 14, the trolley-wheel of the` car l1 has entered into collision with the projectingterlninal or tongue j of the member jc-l' the over-electrical switching system of the truck b and has entered under the hub j of the trolley-wheel aforesaid eoacting therewith, and, as will he understood, as the car b progressi-s in its movement over the car l1, as depicted in Fig. 1, said trolley-wheel ol' the car b' will be superimposed upon the over-elecvtrical switching system of the car b and will 4bc switched over the entire electrical switching channel or track in a similar manner, as 'i io before described, in the over-switching of the` car b', as described, in connection with Fig. 1, and back to grade upon the insulated electriep channcl '[ho hub j of the trolleywhe j* constitute.. the tread for running on the extended tongue js of the laterally-cxtc`nded electrical switching member y" or j of narrower gage than the trcad consisting of thc langes j, and it will thus be understood that the switching of the electrical,systein is likewise, effected by the change in treads of thc trolley-wheel and the electrical overswitching track. [n Fig. 1,4 l Fhave also illustrated diagran'nnaticall the electrical connections and clectricatdistributions carricd by the cars b b,-"c., of the system. 'lhcsc compris-c a conductor g' and gz, establis-hing comnmnication with thc oppositelysituated lrollcv-wlu-els: a conductor g, eleotricall)v connciiting/ thc laterally-extended-13o trunnions or bosses of the washers 'm7 are the forks m". These in turn are connected with the terminals of the ties m* in the manner Villustrated in Fig. by bolts, the arrange- ./operating'in the manner and asia universal joint.

I t will be observed from the illustrations, reference being had to Figs. 8, 9, and 10 and j-.to the plan view of Fig. 4, that the load due to an overriding l car would be ,imposed u on the pilots of t e under car inside of t ieir points of su port, which would have a tendency towari twisting them inwardly, and to obviate thisdillieulty and at the same time provide for freedom of movement of the two pilot-rails with respect to each other I have provided the universal jointed system just described. The resistance of the twisting tendency offered by the construction aforesaid mav be readily followed by considering the conditions of the superim osed car while on the pilot yokcs or skids o tlieunder car. The effect will be to impose a downwardlv thrusting movement upon the tread of the rails a7, due to the weight of the car-wheels of the upper car acting vertical! down ard upon the pilot-yokes or skid-yoles, in which case a counter resistance act-ing upwardly would be met by the thrust of the bull'crspring d, wliicii will bo communicated thereto through the pilot-wheels d and thence to the journal of the axle il, and finally upon the lot-wheel rails a and a. This twisting teni ency, however, of the yokcs and pilotra'ils connected therewith' wil be restrained by the tension member of the lower tie 'm `(see Fig. 10) an'd by the upper similar tie which takes the compression, thereby forming substantially what is known in statics as a resisting-couplingff Although I 'have described the superimposed or over-turnout track, with which eacli of the cars b and b is provided, composed of separate detail partsfnilot-rails, skidrails. und 4other details, 'it will be seen that these superimposed.over-turnout tracks on each rar consists of a central arched portion composed, of t o rails, the two .end portions coIi-. nccted therewith so as to swing in a vertical plane i-n'd al o capable of slight lateral movejce ends thereof, one of the end parts boing, or the purpose of this descrip` tion preferably called a pilot and the other :t "skid," each of said and parts being also rovided with a truck having wheels at the .rec ends thereof and each being "lsf pro-- .ided at the free end 'hereof :ih frogs and ne of the said parts '.'ioinff no'viilod at its free cud with p ivoii'd switch which, in the form of construction shown, consists of two parts, and both of said ends, in etl'cct, serving as switches to switch one car off of the main track onto the superimposed track or overturnont track and from said superimposed track or over-turnout track onto the main track, said main track, in construction shown, consisting of two separate supplemental tracks or ways of different gages, the rails o f,one track or way being also lower than the rails of thc other track or way, and while l' have also described the separate car-trucks or cars as o' specific form or construction it will be apparentV that various changes in and modifications of these features of construction, as well as in other details of construction herein shown and described, inav be-made without dcp'artingfrom the spirit of my invention or sacrificingits advantages, and although I have shown and described my im rovemcnt as applied to single cars only it will)be apparent that the same maybe applied to a number of cars connected in the form of a train, the only dilference being that in this case the central or arched portion of the over-turnout orJsuperimpesed tracks would extend over all the cars of the train and be provided with Ajoints similar to those at the upper extremilies 4of the pilot and skid connections,

Having fully described my inventioh, what I claim as new, and desire toscc'ure by Letters Patent,` isn l. In a railway'transportation s Ystem, a track` having a double gage, a car a apted to be transported along said track, an over -turnout track carried bythe car, and switches carried by the said over-turnout track, substantially as shown and described.

"l, -ln a railway transportation system, a .doublemagc track having a relatively broadgage railway and a relatively narrow-engage railway, cars to bc transported on the said broad-gage railway,over-turnout tracks r-,arried l y said cars, switchcscarried by the said over-turnoi1t tracks and .said narrower-gage railwa substantially as shown and describeil.

3. [ii a railway transportationl system, a' Iailway, and a plurality of cars movable in the saine or in opposite directions thereon, said ears being provided with superimposed over-turnout trai-,ks coiiiprisinga contra arch IDO portion. :ind end portions connected tlicreizo car provided wit a superimposed over-turnout track comprising a central portion over the top of. the car, and end portions connected therewith so as to swing 1n a vertical plane and also capable of slight lateral movement,

the outer ends of said end portions bein A provided with trucks and frogs, and one o said end portions being also provided at its outer end with a pivoted switch device,lsubstan tially as shown and described;

6. In a railwa transportation system, a car provided wit a su erimposed over-turn out track having en portions adapted to -in a vertical' lane, said car being also provided with side od portions adapted to containfpassengers, savstantially as shown and described.`

r 7. In a railwa car provided wi out track having transportation system, a a su rimposed over-turnen portions adapted to swing in a vertical lane, said ear being also provided with side ody portions-adapted to contain passengers,

the same, ed.

stem, a two sup emental substantially as shown and descri 8. In arailway transportation railway composed of tracks, and cars the Vaxles of whic are ro- -vided withtwo sets of wheels one of whc isl adapted to travel on one of said tracks, said ,Boas toswing cars being also provided with a superiin osed over-turnout track comprising a centra portion, and end portions connected therewith 'v in a. vertical' lane vand provided at their 'outer ends with trucks and one of which is provided with a switch device, one. set of the wheels on the axles of Vthe'cars bein also adapted to travel on the su po over turnout track, substanti ly as shown and described.

9. In a railway transportation main railwa composed of two su p emental tracks of arent ages one el, which is placed below the o er, and cars provided withsuperimposed over-turnout tracks having end portions connected therewith so as to swing in a vertical beings plrovided at their outer en s with truc aving wheels adapted to travel on one of said tracks and the axles of said cars -being also provided with two wheels at each and., one set of which is adapted to travel on .tlitsaid supcrimlposed over-turnout tracks, substantially as s own and described.

'10. In a railway transportation s stem, a main railway com osed of two supp cmental tillacks one of wh ,is of narrower gage than t e other and placed belowlthe other and ears aderisciY t0. travel Said mais railway..

sstem, a

the airles'of said cars'. being provided withV and having vside doorsand means for. opening and closi tially as shown and described. plane, said end ortions two sets of wheels one of which is adapted to travel on the broader age track, 4said cars being also provided wit i supeiiiiiposed overturnont tracks having pivoted end members adapted t swing in a vertical lane and Aro'- vided with ondirucks, the w eels of w uch are ada ted to travel on the narrower-gage "track, t le wheels of said trucks being also adapted to travel on the su erimposed over# turnouttracks, substantie lf'as shown and described.

1.1. In a railway transport-ation svsteiii, a

mam railway composed of twosuppleiriental tracks, one of which is narrower than the other and placed within aiidbelow the other, and cars adapted to travel ontzsaid main railway, the ax es of said cars :bei rovided with two sets oi wheels one Yof whic travels on one of said tracks, said cars being also provided witli superimposed over 'turnout tracks, comprising, a central portion and a pivoted pilot at one end and a pivoted skid at the other end thereof, said ilot and said skid being provided with truclis having wheels adapted to travel on the narrowerage track and said wheels beingalso adapte to travel 4on the superimposed.over-turnout tracks of the se arate cars, substantially as shown and decori edt 12. In a railway transportationsfrstem, a main railway com osed oftwo supp emental tracks, one of vwhich is narrower than the other and placed within and below the other,

and cars ada `ted to travel on said main railwa the ax esof said cars being rovided with two sets of Wheels one of whic Y travels on one of said tracks, said cars being also provided with superimposed over turnout tracks, comprisingl a central portion and a pivoted pilot at one end and a pivoted skid at the other ens thereof, said il'ot and said skid being Vprovided with truc having wheels and said wheels .beingv also adapte on the superimposed over-turnout tracks of the separate cars, and the outer ends of said pilot and said skid being provided with frogs, and the outer end ofthe ilot being also provided with pivqted switdli devices, substan- 13. In a' railway transportation system, a car provided with asuperimposed overiturnout track, comprising a centi-al top portion havin a pilot pivote a skidgpivoted at'the other end thereof, said pilot and said skid being adapted to swinein a. vertical plane, and being provide. at t er outer ends with trucks, each of which is provided with frogs, substantially as shown and described, o y

14.v Ina railwaytrarisportation system, a cnr-provided. .a SuperimPPsedwer-wlsmit treekissfepsi, @central-ter ,portion having a pilot pivote at one end thereof and vadapted to travel on the narrowerage tracl; to trave at one end thereof and" a skid pivoted at the other end thereof, said pilot and said skid being adapted to swin in a vertical plane, and being providedat teir outer ends with trucks, each of which is provided with frogs, and the outer end of the lot being also provided with pivoted switch evices, substantially as shown and described; n

15. In a railway transportation system, a main railway composed of two tracks one of which is of narrower gage than and laced within and below the other and cars a apted to travel on said main rai wa the axles of the ears being provided wit two sets of wheels one of which is adapted to travel on the widerage track, said cars being also provided wit superimposed over turnout tracks having a pivoted pilt at one end and a pivoted skid at the other, the saidpilotfand/ said skid being provided at theirs with wheels adapted'to travel o n the narrower-gage track and also adapted to travel on the su erimposed over-turnout tracks, substantie. ly as shown and described. f

16. In a railway transportation system, a main railway composed of two tracks `one of which is of narrower gage than and laced within and below the other and cars adapted to travel on said main railwa the. axles of the carsebeingA Vrovided wit two sets of wheels one of w ich is ada ted to travel on4 the wider-g e ftrack, sai -cars being also providedwit superimposed over turnout tracks having a pivoted pilot at one end and a pivoted skid at the other, the saidpilot and said skid being provided at their' outer ends with wheels adapted'to travel on the narrower-gage track and also adapted to travel on the superimposed over -'turnout tracks,4 and said pilot and said skid being also provided at their outer ends with frogs and the pilot with vpivcted switch devices, substantially as shown and described.

17. In a railway system, a main track prov .ded with cars adapted to be transported therealong, over-turnout tracks and switches carried by the cars land looped about said cars in the manner of a bridge, said cars being provided with trucks havin f a ilouble tread, one of said treads being adnaptcd to run on the main gage and the other ofsaid treads bein r 4adapted to run on thger turnout trae substantially as shown and described.

18. ,In a railway system, a main track provided with cars adapted to be transported therealong, over-turnout tracks and switches therefor carried. by the cars and looped about said ears in the manner of a bridge substantiallv forming an undulation in the main track, said ears bein r provided with trucks having a double treat one of said treads bcing adapted to run on the main gage and the main track upon their trucks over anotherswitch in the main line by changing from one of the said treads of said truck to the other tread of said truck, substantially as shown and described. 4

20. In a railway system, a system of overswitching, comprising a main track and gage, runnin -switches, said switches being pro- /vided with trucks of different treads, one of said treads beingl ada ted to track on 4the main age and t e ot 1er tread thereof being a apted to track on the switches, said switches being adapted to be carried from the switch and descending thereafter to the main track by the chan ring from one of said treads of saidtruck to tli truck, substantially as shown and described.

21. In a railway trans )ortation system, a main track provided wit i a system of cars adapted to be transported therealong and to be switched one over another, oversturnouts and switches carried by the cars for switching said ears and having their switches engaging the treads of the car-trucks rior to the passing of said cars one over anot i r and means for supporting said switches freni` the road-bed at a position substantially verticallyunder the tread of the over-switching trucks at the initial point of the switching operation aforesaid, substantially as show 'i and described.

22. In the herein-described system of overswitehing cars while in transit, skids carried by the cars adapted to gage with the track, and a system of frogs carried by the terminal of said skids adapted to establish a register with the track, substantially asshown and' described. l

23. In a system of over-switfl ing cars operating along a line of railway, ;a system of superimposed. tracks carried by the cars havi ing frogs and switches coacting with the main track, means carried by the :arsfor engaging the said switches and frogs and "a 'ointed connection between the said superimposed tracks and the said switches and fro rs permitting freedom of motion, substantial y as shown and described.

24. ln a railway system, a main track, ears and mobile over-turnoutswitches therein, plural-trcaded trucks, carrying the cars other said tread. being adapted to run on the and said switches, and having respectively a e other'trcad of saidv main track upon their trucks over another lIO its

main Mead and u swv1-tmml, Said trunks fmr mf Switches along; the mm'n truuk, 11pm) 'said main tram! and over respective, uvm'- I l r 1 

